Fluid-operated pump



2 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

James 14. Wray v WWW! March 11, 1930. J, A. WRAY 1,750,146

FLUID OPERATED PUMP Filed Dec. 28, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V EN TOR.James/4. Wray BY WhZM fihwt A TTORNEYS.

Patented Mar. 11, 1930 JAMES A. WBAY, LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA I'LUIDOPEBATED rm Application filed December 2a, 1926. Serial No. 157,456.

This invention relates to a pump adapted for deep wells, and pertainsmore particularly, to an insertable pump that is, a pump in combinationwith oil tubing which may 8 be inserted within the well casing as aunit.

The present invention appertains to a pump of the fluid transmissiontype wherein, a motive fluid such as a gas is employed to operate a pumplocated below the surface of the ground, the discharged motive fluidbeing mingled with the liquid being pumped so as to avoid a multiplicityof conduits within the well casing. As is well known, drilled wells areof comparatively small diameter and in order to provide for acomparatively large pump capacity, the flow area through the casing mustbe reduced as little as possible by pipes, tubing, rods and the likeoccupying space the length of the casing.

The primary object of this invention is to provide a pump of the fluidtransmission type which employs a flow line for liquid being pumped anda passage for the motive fluid.

Another object of this invention is to revide a pump of the characterdescribed aving a large pumping capacity and which is capable of actingagainst high pressures. In addition to the broader objects of thisinvention, there are certain details of design and structure whereby asimple, durable, and economical pump is obtained, one which may beeasily installed, removed and will operate efliciently.

These objects together with other objects and correspondingaccomplishments are ob tained by means of the embodiment of my inventionillustrated in the accompanying drawing,in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through the cas ing and shell of the pump,portions thereof bemg broken out to make the view more compact; Fig. 2is a section as seen upon the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a verticalsection showing the lower portion of the pump, it being a fragment whichis to be combined with Fig. 2 as indicated by the line joining Figs. 2and 3; Figs. 4 to 8 inclusive, are sections as seen upon the linescorrespondingly numbered in Flg. 1.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, a well casing of the usualty e is indicated by 10. Depending from t e surface and disposed withinthe well casing is a string of casing indicated by 11. There is asuitable head at the top not shown to provide for a closed annularchamber between the casing 10 and the string 11 to form a chamber formotive fluid. In the present instance, the pump is designed to use gassuch as natural gas, and the annular chamber is hereinafter referred toas a gas chamber. The lower end of the string 11 is secured to acentering member 12.

This centering member is of ring form, having a threaded socket at thetop to receive the lower end of the string 11 and being externallythreaded at the bottom for attachment of a shell 13. The centeringmember is ribbed as best shown in Fig. 4 so as to provide forcommunication of the annular gas chamber above it and an annular chamberbetween the shell and casing below it, hereinafter termed the motivefluid inlet chamber. Attached to the lower end of the shell is anothercentering member 14 to which a pipe 15 is connected. Threaded to thelower end of the pipe 15 is a coupling member 16 having suitable packing17 so as to close the space between the casing 10 and the pipe 15thereby closing the lower end of the gas inlet chamber. At the lower endof the fitting 16 is a pipe 18 which extends into the oil or liquid tobe raised. Within this pipe is a packing bearing 19 to slidably receivethe tail pipe of the pump; pipe 18 being perforated as indicated by 20between this and the packer 16. A pump cylinder 21 is secured inposition within the shell 13 by means of guide strips 22 spaced aboutits periphery. There are-two motor pistons within the cylinder the upperbeing double acting. Motive fluid must be taken in and exhausted fromthe opposite sides thereof. A slide packing 23 is mounted within thecylinder 21 intermediate its ends and forms the dividing head betweentwo motor cylinder chambers formed thereby and later described. Exhaustports 24 are provided in the cylinder adjacent the upper end and intakeports 25 below the exhaust ports. In registration with the intake ports25 are )orts 26 formed in the shell 13. Above the head 23 and formed inthe cylinder 21 are provided with corresponding intake and exhaustports; there being, however, no inlet port for the upper side of thelower piston. As these ports are controlled by the valves in the samemanner as those just described,

the details of the lower ports will not be de scribed.

Mounted within the tubing 11, is pump tubing 30; connected to the pumptubing is a piston 31 forming a cage for a ball valve 32 and alsoproviding a piston which has suitable acking rings. This piston isarranged to e reciprocated within the motor cylinder 21. At the upperend of the cylinder is a suitable head 33 provided with packing. At thelower end is a similar head 34, and mounted upon the pump tubing isanother piston 35. The arrangement is such that the pump tubing with itspistons may be reciprocated, thereby causing oil to be pumped by reasonof the valve 32. Suitable standing valves may be included. A tappetcollar 36 is secured to the pump tubing above the motor cylinder and asimilar tappet collar 37 below the motor cylinder.

Slidably mounted upon the pump tubing is a ring 38. This ring hasextensions to which are secured oppositely disposed similar slide valves39, snugly and slidably fitting between the cylinder 21, the shell 13and the guide strips 22. At the lower end of the shell is a ring 40similar to ring 38 and to which the lower ends of the valves areconnected. Considering the upper portion of the motor cylinder, there isan intake port 41 extending through a valve and arranged to beregistered with intake ports 25 and 26 in the motor cylinder and shellrespectively. In the valve and below the piston 31 is an intake port 42extending through the valve and arranged to be registered with intakeports 27 and 28. There is an exhaust port 43 in the valve forregistration with the exhaust port 24. This exhaust port 0 ens laterallythrough the valve to the ex aust chamber formed between the shell 13 andthe motor cylinder 21. Below the piston 31 and in the valve in a similarexhaust port 44 arranged for registration with the exhaust port 29. Eachvalve has similar orts for registration with the ports in the owerportion of the motor cylinder to control the reciprocation of piston 35.In the side of valves 39 are sets of notches 45 and 46, each setarranged to receive a detent 47 pivotally mounted upon the shell 13.Each detent is actuated by a compression spring 48 tending to force theknuckle of the detent into a notch. In one position of a' valve, thatis, with the detent resting in notch 46, the arts are ositioned as shownbest in Fig. 2. his wil provide for the passage of inlet gas belowpiston 31 by way of ports 28, 42 and 27. Motive fluid will also beadmitted below piston 35. This will create a pressure tending to raisethe pump tubing and the column of liquid contained therein. The s aceabove piston 31 is connected to the ex aust chambers through ports 24and 43. The gas passing downwardly be,- tween the barrel 21 and theshell 13 and into the space between tubing 30 and 15. In order to changethe valve position at the end of the upstroke, I have provided springactuated abutments. Connected to the ring 38 and encircling the pumptubing is a compression s ring 50. The compression spring is secure tothe ring 38 by means of hooks and secured to the u per end thereof is acollar 51. In the position shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the compressionspring 50 is partially compressed. Attached to the lower ring 40 is acompression sprin 52 secured to a collar 53. At the upper en of the pumpstroke, collar 37 on the pump tubing engages the collar 53 andcompresses spring 52 storing energy therein and tending to force thering upwardly, but the ring and the valves 39 are detained by thedetents 47. When the C0111- pression in spring 52 is sufiicient, thedetents 47 are forced out of their notches 46 and spring 52 move thevalves and rings upward- 1y, until the knuckles of the detents engage innotches 45. The ports are then arranged so that the portion of the motorcylinder above piston 31 is in communication with the intake chamber andthe portion below piston 31 is in communication with the exhaustchamber. The same relation obtains for the lower iston. The pump tubingis then moved downwardly. The exhaust gases move downwardly and act uponthe oil in the lower portion of the well asslsting in pumping andeventually mingling therewith passing upwardly and out through thepump'fiow line.

What I claim is:

1. In combination with a well casing, a fluid motor for a pumpcomprising a shell mounted within said casmg and spaced therefrom toform an annular motive fluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposedwithin said shell and spaced therefrom to form therewith an annularmotive fluid exhaust space, there bein intake ports in said shell andsaid cylin er disposed in registration, there bein exhaust ports in saidcylinder, valves slida ly mounted in said exhaust space for controllingsaid intake ports, said valves havin intake ports for registration withthe intake ports in said shell and cylinder and exhaust ports in saidvalve having peripheral communication with said exhaust space, areciprocable operating rod within said cylinder, motor istons secured tosaid operating rod for reciprocation in said cylinder, said valves beingslidably mounted on said operating rod, and tappet means on said rod toengage and move said valves.

2. In combination with a well casin a fluid motor for a pump comprisinga siell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom to form anannular motive fluid inlet s ace, a motor cylinder disposed within saids ell and spaced therefrom to form therewith an annular motive fluidexhaust space, there being intake ports in said shell and said cylinderdisposed in registration, there bein exhaust ports in said cylinder,valves slida 1y mounted in said exhaust space for controlling saidintake ports, said valves having intake ports for registration withtheintake ports in said shell and cylinder and exhaust ports in said valveshaving peripheral communication with said exhaust space, a reciprocableoperatin rod in said cylinder, motor pistons on sai operating rod andmounted for reciprocation in said cylinder, said valves being slidablymounted on said operating member, tappet means on said operating rod toen age and move said valves, and resilient etent means to detain themovement of said valves.

3. In combination with a well casin a fluid motor for a pump comprisin as ell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom to forma motivefluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposed Within said shell andspaced therefrom to form therein a motive fluid exhaust space, therebeing intake ports in said shell and said cylinder disposed inregistration, there being exhaust ports in said cylinder, a valveslidably mounted in said exhaust space, said valve having an intake portfor registration with the intake ports in said shell and cylinder and anexhaust port in said valve having peripheral communication with saidexhaust space, a reciprocable operating rod in said cylinder, a pistonon said rod, said valve being slidably mounted on said rod, and tappetmeans on said rod to engage and move said valve.

4. In combination with a well casing, a fluid motor for a pumpcomprising a shell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom toform a motive fluid inlet space,

a motor cylinder disposed within said valve and spaced therefrom to formtherewith a motive fluid exhaust space, there being intake ports in saidshell and said cylinder disposed in registration, there being exhaustports in said cylinder, a valve slidably mounted in said exhaust space,said valve having intake ports for registration with the intake ports insaid shell and cylinder and an exhaust port in said valve havingperipheral communication with said exhaust space, a reciprocableoperating rod in said cylinder, a piston on said rod, said valve beingslidably mounted on said rod,tappet means on said rod to engage and movesaid valve at the end of its travel.

5. In combination with a well casin a fluidmotor for a ump comprising as ell mounted within sai casing and spaced therefrom to form an annularmotive fluid inlet space, a motor 0 linder disposed within said shelland space therefrom, to form therewith an annular motive fluid exhaustspace in communication with the surface of the liquid to be pumped,there being intake ports in said shell and said cylinder disposed inregistration, there being exhaust ports in said cy inder, cylindricalsegments extending between said shell and cylinder and forming valvesslidable in said exhaust space, said valves having intake ports forregistration with the intake ports in said shell and cylinder andexhaust ports in said valve having lateral communication with saidexhaust space, a reciprocable operating rod in said cylinder, pistons onsaid rod, said valves being slidably mounted on said rod, compressionspring abutments at the ends of said valves, tappet means on said rod toengage said abutments and move said valves.

6. In combination with a well casing, a fluid motor for a pumpcomprising a shell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom toform an annular motive fluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposedwithin said shell and spaced therefrom to form therewith an annularmotive fluid exhaust space in communication with the surface of theliquid to be pumped, there bein intake ports in said shell and saidcylinder isposed in registration, there being exhaust ports in saidcylinder, cylindrical segments extending between said shell andcylinder, and forming valves slidably mounted in said exhaust space,said valveshavin intake ports for registration with the inta e ports ofsaid shell and cylinder and exhaust ports in said valve havingcommunication with said exhaust space, a reciprocable operating rod insaid cylinder, a piston on said rod, said valves being slidably mountedon said rod, compression spring abutments at the ends of said valves,tappet means on said rod to engage said abutments and move said valves,and resilient detention means to detain the movement of said valves.

7. In combination with a well casing a fluid motor for a pump comprisinga shell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom to form anannular motive fluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposed within saidshell, and spaced therefrom to form therewith an annular motive fluidexhaust space in communication with the surface of the liquid to bepumped, there being intake orts in said shell and said cylinder disposein registration, there being exhaust ports in said cylinder, cylindricalsegments extending between said shell and c hnder and forming valvesslidably mounts in said exhaust space, said valves havin intake portsfor registration with the inta re ports of said shell and cylinder andexhaust orts in said valve having communication with said exhaust space,a reeiprocable operating rod in said cyllnder, pistons on said rod, saidvalves bemg slida 1y mounted on said rod, compression spring abutmentsat the ends of said valves, tappet means, on said rod to engage saidabutments and move said valves, and resilient detention means to detainthe movement of said valves eom rising a detent for engagement with notees formed in, said segments.

8. In combination witha well casing, a fluid motor for a pump comprisinga shell mounted within sai casing and spaced therefrom to form anannular motive fluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposed within said5 ell and spaced therefrom to form therewith an annular motive fluidexhaust space in communication with the surface of theliquid to bepumped, there being intake ports in said shel and cylinder disposed inre istration, there being exhaust ports in said cylinder, eylindrical sements extending between said shell and ey inder and forming valvesslidably mounted in said exhaust space, said valves havingintake portsfor re istration with the intake ports in said shell and cylinder andexhaust ports in said valves having lateral communication with saidexhaust space, a reciprocable rod in said cylinder having motor pistonsthereon, said valves being slidably mounted. on said rod, resilientcompression abutments at the ends of said valve, tappet means on saidrod to engage said abutments, and move said valves, and resilient meansto detain movement of said valves.

9. In combination with a well casin a fluid motor for a pump comprisinga s ell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom to form anannular motive fluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposed within saids ell and spacedtherefrom to form therewith an annular motive fluidexhaust space, there being intake ports in said shell and said cylinderdisposed in re istration, there being exhaust ports in said cylinder,slide valves mounted in said exhaust space for controlling said intakeports, said valves havin intake orts for registration with the intakeports 1n said shell and cylinder and exhaust ports in said valve havingcommunication with said exhaust space, a reciprocable operating rod.within said cylinder, motor pistons secured to said operatmg rod forreciprocation in said cylinder, and means actuated by said operating rodto operate said valves.

10. In combination with a well easing, a fluid motor for a pumpcomprising a shell mounted within said casing and spaced therefrom toform an annular motive fluid inlet space, a motor cylinder disposedwithin said shell and spaced therefrom to form therewith an annularmotive fluid exhaust space, there being intake ports in said shellandsaid cylinder dispose in registration, there bein exhaust ports in saidcylinder slide va ves mounted in said exhaust space for controlling saidintake ports, said valves havin intake ports for registration with theintal ie ports in said shell and cylinder and exhaust ports in saidvalves having communication with said exhaust space, a reciprocableoperating rod within sald' cylinder, motor pistons secured to saidoperating rod for reciprocation in said cylinder, and tappet means onsaid operating rod for actuating said valves.

In witness that I claim the fore oing I have hereunto subscribed my namet is 18th dayof December, 1926.

JAMES A. WRAY.

